Alaska Indians: Alaskan Villages, Native Communities and Alaska Tribes from A to Z Index
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Alaska Indians: Alaskan Villages, Native Communities and Alaskan Tribes from A to Z



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Alaska Indians: Alaskan Villages, Native Communities and Alaskan Tribes from A to Z Index




alaska tribes map

It is important to understand the diversity of Native Alaskan tribes. The aboriginal land claims of Alaska Natives were handled differently than the mainland treaty settlements. The land and cash compensation were not awarded to tribes, clans, or families, but to eligible private corporations organized by Alaska Natives.

There are generally two types of corporations: corporations organized by village and those organized according to 12 geographic regions. All Alaska Indians are shareholders of a regional corporation, but not all belong to a village corporation. The aboriginal land claims of Alaska Natives were settled in the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971 (ANCSA).

Five Tlingit communities were excluded from the provisions of ANCSA. They are the communities of Haines, Ketchikan, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Tenakee, all located in Southeast Alaska. After ANCSA was enacted, Native residents of these `unrecognized' communities appealed to the Secretary of the Interior to be included in the land claims settlement. Administrative appeals and mechanisms were subsequently exhausted by the villages without success.

There are 229 federally recognized Alaskan villages.

ALASKAN TRIBES & VILLAGES WITH FEDERAL RECOGNITION
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
W
Y

(Federal list last updated 3/07)

    A
  • Native Village of Afognak (formerly the Village of Afognak)
    • Afognak Native Corporation Web Site
    • Address: P. O. Box 968, 212 Mission Rd, Suite 014, Kodiak ,AK 99615
    • Phone: 907-486-6357
    • Fax: 486-6529
    • Afognak was abandoned due to the destruction of the village by a tsunami following the earthquke of 1964. The village was re-built at Port Lions

  • Agdaagux Tribe of King Cove

  • Native Village of Akhiok
    • Organizations with Local Offices
      • City of Akhiok
        P.O. Box 5050, Akhiok, AK 99615
        Phone 907-836-2229
        Fax 907-836-2209
        E-mail: cityofakhiok@yahoo.com
      • Village Corporation: Akhiok-Kaguyak, Inc
        1400 W. Benson Blvd. #350,
        Anchorage, AK 99503
        Phone 907-258-0604
        Fax 907-258-0608
        E-mail: akhiokpp@carcom.com
      • Village Corporation: Ayakulik, Incorporated
        General Delivery
        Akhiok, AK 99615
        Phone 907-486-4349
      • Village Council - Native Village of Akhiok
        P.O. Box 5050
        Akhiok, AK 99615-5050
        Phone 907-836-2229
        Fax 907-836-2345
    • Regional Organizations
      • Borough: Kodiak Island Borough
        710 Mill Bay Road
        Kodiak, AK 99615
        Phone 907-486-9300
        Fax 907-486-9374
        E-mail: info@kib.co.kodiak.ak.us
      • School District: Kodiak Island Borough School District
        722 Mill Bay Road
        Kodiak, AK 99615
        Phone 907-486-9210
        Fax 907-486-9277
        E-mail:
      • Regional Native Corporation - Koniag, Incorporated
        4300 B Street, Suite 407
        Anchorage, AK 99503
        Phone 907-561-2668
        Fax 907-562-5258
      • Native Housing Authority - Kodiak Island Housing Authority
        3137 Mill Bay Road, Kodiak, AK 99615
        Phone 907-486-8111
        Fax 907-486-4432
        E-mail: kiha@ptialaska.net
      • Regional Development - Southwest Alaska Municipal Conference
        3300 Arctic Blvd. #203
        Anchorage, AK 99503
        Phone 907-562-7380
        Fax 907-562-0438
        E-mail: wayers@swamc.org
  • Akiachak Native Community
  • Akiak Native Community
  • Native Village of Akutan
  • Village of Alakanuk
  • Alatna Village
  • Native Village of Aleknagik
  • Algaaciq Native Village (St. Mary's)
  • Allakaket Village
  • Native Village of Ambler
  • Village of Anaktuvuk Pass
  • Yupiit of Andreafski
  • Angoon Community Association
  • Village of Aniak
  • Anvik Village
  • Arctic Village (See Native Village of Venetie Tribal Government)
  • Asa'carsarmiut Tribe
  • Native Village of Atka
  • Village of Atmautluak
  • Atqasuk Village (Atkasook)

  • [back to TOP]

    B
  • Native Village of Barrow Inupiat Traditional Government
  • Beaver Village
  • Native Village of Belkofski
  • Village of Bill Moore's Slough
  • Birch Creek Tribe
  • Native Village of Brevig Mission
  • Native Village of Buckland

  • [back to TOP]

    C
  • Native Village of Cantwell
  • Native Village of Chenega (aka Chanega)
  • Chalkyitsik Village
  • Cheesh-Na Tribe (formerly the Native Village of Chistochina)
  • Village of Chefornak
  • Chevak Native Village
  • Chickaloon Native Village
  • Chignik Bay Tribal Council (formerly the Native Village of Chignik)
  • Native Village of Chignik Lagoon
  • Chignik Lake Village
  • Chilkat Indian Village (Klukwan)
  • Chilkoot Indian Association (Haines)
  • Chinik Eskimo Community (Golovin)
  • Native Village of Chitina
  • Native Village of Chuathbaluk (Russian Mission, Kuskokwim)
  • Chuloonawick Native Village
  • Circle Native Community
  • Village of Clarks Point
  • Native Village of Council
  • Craig Community Association
  • Village of Crooked Creek
  • Curyung Tribal Council
    [back to TOP]

    D
  • Native Village of Deering
  • Native Village of Diomede (aka Inalik)
  • Village of Dot Lake
  • Douglas Indian Association
    [back to TOP]

    E
  • Native Village of Eagle
  • Native Village of Eek
  • Egegik Village
  • Eklutna Native Village
  • Native Village of Ekuk
  • Ekwok Village
  • Native Village of Elim
  • Emmonak Village
  • Evansville Village (aka Bettles Field)
  • Native Village of Eyak (Cordova)
    [back to TOP]

    F
  • Native Village of False Pass
  • Native Village of Fort Yukon
    [back to TOP]

    G
  • Native Village of Gakona
  • Galena Village (aka Louden Village)
  • Native Village of Gambell
  • Native Village of Georgetown
  • Native Village of Goodnews Bay
  • Organized Village of Grayling (aka Holikachuk)
  • Gulkana Village
    [back to TOP]

    H
  • Native Village of Hamilton
  • Healy Lake Village
  • Holy Cross Village
  • Hoonah Indian Association
  • Native Village of Hooper Bay
  • Hughes Village
  • Huslia Village
  • Hydaburg Cooperative Association
    [back to TOP]

    I
  • Igiugig Village
  • Village of Iliamna
  • Inupiat Community of the Arctic Slope
  • Iqurmuit Traditional Council (formerly the Native Village of Russian Mission)
  • Ivanoff Bay Village
    [back to TOP]

    K
  • Kaguyak Village
  • Organized Village of Kake
  • Kaktovik Village (aka Barter Island)
  • Village of Kalskag
  • Village of Kaltag
  • Native Village of Kanatak
  • Native Village of Karluk
  • Organized Village of Kasaan
  • Kasigluk Traditional Elders Council (formerly the Native Village of Kasigluk)
  • Kenaitze Indian Tribe
  • Ketchikan Indian Corporation
  • Native Village of Kiana
  • King Island Native Community
  • King Salmon Tribe
  • Native Village of Kipnuk
  • Native Village of Kivalina
  • Klawock Cooperative Association
  • Native Village of Kluti Kaah (aka Copper Center)
  • Knik Tribe
  • Native Village of Kobuk
  • Kokhanok Village
  • Native Village of Kongiganak
  • Village of Kotlik
  • Native Village of Kotzebue
  • Native Village of Koyuk
  • Koyukuk Native Village
  • Organized Village of Kwethluk
  • Native Village of Kwigillingok
  • Native Village of Kwinhagak (aka Quinhagak)
    [back to TOP]

    L
  • Native Village of Larsen Bay
  • Levelock Village
  • Lesnoi Village (aka Woody Island)
  • Lime Village
  • Village of Lower Kalskag [back to TOP]

    M
  • Manley Hot Springs Village
  • Manokotak Village
  • Native Village of Marshall (aka Fortuna Ledge)
  • Native Village of Mary's Igloo
  • McGrath Native Village
  • Native Village of Mekoryuk
  • Mentasta Traditional Council
  • Metlakatla Indian Community, Annette Island Reserve
  • Native Village of Minto
    [back to TOP]

    N
  • Naknek Native Village
  • Native Village of Nanwalek (aka English Bay)
  • Native Village of Napaimute
  • Native Village of Napakiak
  • Native Village of Napaskiak
  • Native Village of Nelson Lagoon
  • Nenana Native Association
  • New Koliganek Village Council
  • New Stuyahok Village
  • Newhalen Village
  • Newtok Village
  • Native Village of Nightmute
  • Nikolai Village
  • Native Village of Nikolski
  • Ninilchik Village
  • Native Village of Noatak
  • Nome Eskimo Community
  • Nondalton Village
  • Noorvik Native Community
  • Northway Village
  • Native Village of Nuiqsut (aka Nooiksut)
  • Nulato Village
  • Nunakauyarmiut Tribe (formerly the Native Village of Toksook Bay)
  • Native Village of Nunam Iqua (formerly the Native Village of Sheldon's Point)
  • Native Village of Nunapitchuk
    [back to TOP]

    O
  • Village of Ohogamiut
  • Village of Old Harbor
  • Orutsararmuit Native Village (aka Bethel)
  • Oscarville Traditional Village
  • Native Village of Ouzinkie
    [back to TOP]

    P
  • Native Village of Paimiut
  • Pauloff Harbor Village
  • Pedro Bay Village
  • Native Village of Perryville
  • Petersburg Indian Association
  • Native Village of Pilot Point
  • Pilot Station Traditional Village
  • Native Village of Pitka's Point
  • Platinum Traditional Village
  • Native Village of Point Hope
  • Native Village of Point Lay
  • Native Village of Port Graham
  • Native Village of Port Heiden
  • Native Village of Port Lions
  • Portage Creek Village (aka Ohgsenakale)
  • Pribilof Islands Aleut Communities of St. Paul & St. George Islands
    [back to TOP]

    Q
  • Qagan Tayagungin Tribe of Sand Point Village
  • Qawalangin Tribe of Unalaska
    [back to TOP]

    R
  • Rampart Village
  • Village of Red Devil
  • Native Village of Ruby
    [back to TOP]

    S
  • Saint George Island (See Pribilof Islands Aleut Communities of St. Paul & St. George Islands)
  • Native Village of Saint Michael
  • Saint Paul Island (See Pribilof Islands Aleut Communities of St. Paul & St. George
  • Islands)
  • Village of Salamatoff
  • Native Village of Savoonga
  • Organized Village of Saxman
  • Native Village of Scammon Bay
  • Native Village of Selawik
  • Seldovia Village Tribe
  • Shageluk Native Village
  • Native Village of Shaktoolik
  • Native Village of Shishmaref
  • Native Village of Shungnak
  • Sitka Tribe of Alaska
  • Skagway Village
  • Village of Sleetmute
  • Village of Solomon
  • South Naknek Village
  • Stebbins Community Association
  • Native Village of Stevens
  • Village of Stony River
  • Sun'aq Tribe of Kodiak (formerly the Shoonaq' Tribe of Kodiak)
    [back to TOP]

    T
  • Takotna Village
  • Native Village of Tanacross
  • Native Village of Tanana
  • Native Village of Tatitlek
  • Native Village of Tazlina
  • Telida Village
  • Native Village of Teller
  • Native Village of Tetlin
  • Central Council of the Tlingit & Haida Indian Tribes
  • Traditional Village of Togiak
  • Tuluksak Native Community
  • Native Village of Tuntutuliak
  • Native Village of Tununak
  • Twin Hills Village
  • Native Village of Tyonek
    [back to TOP]

    U
  • Ugashik Village
  • Umkumiute Native Village
  • Native Village of Unalakleet
  • Native Village of Unga
    [back to TOP]

    V
  • Village of Venetie (See Native Village of Venetie Tribal Government)
  • Native Village of Venetie Tribal Government (Arctic Village and Village of Venetie)
    [back to TOP]

    W
  • Village of Wainwright
  • Native Village of Wales
  • Native Village of White Mountain
  • Wrangell Cooperative Association
    [back to TOP]

    Y
  • Yakutat Tlingit Tribe

STATE RECOGNIZED ALASKA TRIBES

  • None

UNRECOGNIZED ALASKA TRIBES

  • Chilkoot Kaagwaantaan Clan.Letter of Intent to Petition 4/22/1997.


  • Five Landless Alaska Tlingit communities. (Haines, Ketchikan, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Tenakee) These Tlingit communities were omitted from the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act and received neither land nor subsistence rights under the Act.


  • Katalla-Chilkat Tlingit Tribe of Alaska. Letter of Intent to Petition 02/02/1995; certified letter returned by P.O. 10/1997.


  • Knugank. Letter of Intent to Petition 1/7/1999.


  • Qutekcak Native Tribe. Letter of Intent to Petition 2/13/2002.


  • Tsimshian Tribal Council. Letter of Intent to Petition 07/02/1978. This may be a splinter group off of Metlakatla Indian Community of Annette Island Reserve, a Federally-recognized Native Alaskan Village.


FIRST CONTACT TO PRESENT

The European exploration of Alaska began with the 1741 voyages of Vitus Bering and Alexei Chirikoff to the Aleutian Islands, the coasts of the Gulf of Alaska, and southeastern Alaska. Bering died from scurvy later that winter on an island named after him, Bering Island.

Around this time the British, Spanish, and French were exploring the coast of Alaska. The unregulated exploitation of the fur resources by rival companies led to a depletion of accessible fur areas and the killing and enslavement of the peaceful Aleut natives.

Consequently, this led to the chartering of the Russian American Company in 1799. Under its first manager, Alexander Baranov, which was a period of about 20 years, there was an order and systematic exploitation of the fur resources.

EXTINCT / ABSORBED / RELOCATED ALASKA TRIBES

PRE-HISTORIC CULTURES IN ALASKA

  • 35,000 - 10,000 years ago - The Glacial Period During the last Ice Age, Alaska was covered by glacial ice. What is now the Bering Sea, separating Siberia from Alaska, was a wide and ice-free plain across which ancestral American Indians moved to North America, and then down the Pacific coast to the areas south of the ice sheets.


  • 15,000 - 10,000 years ago - Shortly after the glaciers melted, the land looked very much as it does today, with caribou and muskoxen grazing the tundra, and walrus, seals, and whales - including bowhead whales - feeding in the channels between the Arctic islands. Indian hunters followed the migrating caribou northwards across the barren grounds, much as the Dene did in more recent times, but never reached the Arctic coast or islands.


  • 10,000 - 5,000 years ago - North American Indians move northward to tree line with retreat of glacier.s


  • 5,000 - 4,000 years ago - Tuniit (Dorset Culture people) cross Bering Strait and move eastward.


  • 3,000 -2,000 years ago - South Bering Sea and North Pacific people became North Alaska Inuit.


  • 5,000 - 1,000 years ago - The Tuniit, or Dorset Culture The first people to arrive were the Tuniit. The earliest Tuniit brought with them two items of technology which allowed them to quickly occupy arctic North America: the bow and arrow, which may have reached America for the first time in their hands, and finely tailored skin clothing similar to that still used by the Inuit and northern Siberian peoples. Until about 1,000 years ago, the Tuniit (or as archeologists call them, the Dorset Culture people) were the sole occupants of most of arctic Canada.


  • 1,000 years ago - Thule (North Alaska Inuit) move eastward, displacing Tuniit .


  • 1,000 - 500 years ago - Thule Culture Inuit groups learned to hunt bowhead whales, the largest animals in the arctic seas. Large communities were established on points of land along the northern coast of Alaska, where whales could be easily hunted as they migrated through narrow leads in the spring ice. Then, about 1,000 years ago, some of these North Alaska Inuit spread rapidly eastwards across arctic Canada and Greenland, quickly displacing the previous Tuniit occupants of the region and establishing the first Inuit occupation of Nunavut.


  • 500 years ago - Inuit and the Little Ice Age Inuit culture in many parts of Nunavut underwent a significant change. Most regions of the High Arctic were abandoned, and many groups throughout the central portions of Nunavut gave up whaling and began to concentrate on hunting smaller sea mammals, caribou and fish.
According to anthropologists, the first native inhabitants of the area now known as Alaska probably migrated from Siberia, part of what is now Russia, at the end of the last ice age ten to twelve thousand years ago. Although experts are unsure whether they traveled a land bridge or by boat, archeologists have found signs of different native groups dating back thousands of years in Alaska.

The Athabascan nations traveled throughout the vast inland in areas, surviving the difficult interior winters from the Brooks Range mountains east to the Yukon and south to the Kenai Peninsula. The Athabascans were made up of at least eleven subgroups, speaking different languages. The Athabascans were nomadic, traveling long distances in harsh conditions to hunt herds of caribou and moose, fish the rivers for plentiful salmon, and take advantage of Alaska’s seasonal berries and plants.

Further north, the Inupiaks and Yupiks of St. Lawrence Island lived along the northern coast, hunting for seals and whales and surviving arctic winters on the frozen tundra. They also hunted polar bear and migrating caribou.

To the south along the coast lived the Yup’iks, and Cup’iks settled along the more western coastal areas north of the Aleutian islands. These people developed the uluaq (ulu) knife, a unique curve-bladed knife used to skin fish and game as well as chop and slice just about anything. Early examples of early stone bladed knives date back centuries. The modern, steel-bladed ulu knife is a favorite souvenir from Alaska today.

Many of these native groups survive today, forming 16% of Alaska’s population and contributing their cultural heritage throughout Alaska.

What's New:

Are Eskimos and Inuit the same people?
I answered a letter a while ago, from someone at a museum in Alaska. They wanted to know why Inuit (which I am of) dislike being called "Eskimos." After all, many Alaskans don't mind being called Eskimos, and even seem to dislike the term "Inuit" when southerners apply it them, however well-intentioned. I am not surprised by the confusion.

Alaskan Native Cultures
There are three types of Alaskan Natives with different cultural and linquistic history. They are Indian, Eskimo and Aleut. These are further defined by eleven distinct cultures.

Eskimo / Esquimaux
Eskimo is the term used when speaking of Inupiaq and Yupik people collectively or to mean all Inuit and Yupik people of the world.

Did you know Aleuts were sent to internment camps during WWII?
Long-silent Aleuts revisit the suffering of World War II internment camps in a new documentary film set to air on Public Television this month.

Native Village of Akhiok profile
Akhiok is located at the southern end of Kodiak Island at Alitak Bay. It lies 80 miles southwest of the City of Kodiak, and 340 miles southwest of Anchorage.

Former Chief Pete J. Peter explains Gwich'in culture
Our way of life is to respect the mother earth and it's animals.

Unangan (Aleut) Heritage
Several thousand years ago, before European explorers discovered the shores of the Aleutian Islands, they were inhabited by the “Unangas” (Aleut people).





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